Historically renowned as the "City of Pearls" and a center for diamond trading, modern Hyderabad is an economic powerhouse driven by Information Technology (IT), pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology.
* **IT and ITES:** The city's tech corridor spans **HITEC City, Madhapur, and Gachibowli** (often referred to as Cyberabad). It houses immense campuses for global tech giants and operates as a primary backend and R&D hub for the world's leading firms. * **Pharmaceuticals & Biotech:** Hyderabad contributes heavily to India's pharmaceutical output. **Genome Valley** and the upcoming **Pharma City** are specialized clusters for biomedical research, vaccine development, and bulk drug manufacturing. * **Retail & Commerce:** Traditional commerce thrives in historic areas like **Abids**, **Koti**, and the bangle-centric **Laad Bazaar** near Charminar. Luxury retail and high-end commerce are concentrated in **Banjara Hills** and **Jubilee Hills**. * **Startups:** T-Hub (Telangana Hub), located in the city, is one of the world's largest startup incubators, fostering innovation in deep-tech, fintech, and health-tech.