According to the 2011 Census of India, the Villianur census town had a population of approximately 34,383, though the broader Villianur Commune Panchayat encompasses a much larger population.
The population is predominantly Tamil-speaking. The town exhibits a harmonious blend of religious communities, with a majority practicing Hinduism, alongside significant Christian and Muslim populations. This diversity is reflected in the town's major festivals and places of worship.
Literacy rates in Villianur are generally high, aligning with Puducherry's overall average of over 85%, reflecting the region's strong emphasis on education. The workforce is a mix of agricultural laborers, skilled artisans (especially in terracotta), retail workers, and professionals commuting to the nearby city of Puducherry.