Agriculture in the Mon region is largely defined by 'Jhum' or shifting cultivation, a traditional practice adapted to the steep slopes.
Principal crops include rice, maize, millet, job's tears, taro, and various local vegetables. In recent years, the state government has encouraged a shift towards more sustainable horticultural practices, introducing cash crops such as cardamom, ginger, and apples in higher altitudes. In the lower valleys and foothills (like Tizit), tea estates have been established, mirroring the neighboring Assamese agricultural economy. Livestock rearing, particularly pigs and poultry, is an essential part of the domestic economy and cultural life.