While heavy agriculture is largely confined to the rural outskirts and valleys, it is the lifeblood of the broader Siaha district economy. The traditional method of farming is 'Jhum' or shifting cultivation on the hillsides, though there is a gradual shift toward more sustainable, settled farming practices.
Key crops include maize, ginger, turmeric, chilies, and various tropical fruits like bananas and oranges. Wet rice cultivation is practiced in the lower river valleys where the terrain permits. Animal husbandry, including pig and poultry farming, is highly common at the household level, and inland fishing in the Chhimtuipui River provides an important source of protein and income.