According to the 2011 Census of India, the Nongstoin Town Committee area had a population of 28,742. The population is predominantly indigenous, with the vast majority belonging to the Khasi tribe.
The society is matrilineal, meaning lineage and inheritance are traced through the mother. Christianity is the dominant religion, with Presbyterian and Catholic denominations being the most widespread, alongside a smaller segment of the population that follows the indigenous Khasi faith (Niam Khasi). The town has a high literacy rate—often exceeding 80%—which is reflective of the strong presence of missionary and government schools in the area.
