Waterways have historically shaped the geography and agriculture of the Imphal Valley.
* **Imphal River:** The principal river of the city, flowing from the north to the south, providing water for irrigation and everyday use. * **Nambul River:** Runs directly through the commercial center of Imphal. Though traditionally significant, it has faced modern pollution challenges, prompting ongoing civic clean-up initiatives. * **Loktak Lake:** Though outside the city limits (roughly an hour away), this massive freshwater lake with its floating *phumdis* (circular landmasses of vegetation) is the most critical hydro-ecological feature in the region and a major weekend destination for Imphal residents.