According to the 2011 Indian Census, Agatti has a population of approximately 7,560 residents, though current estimates place it slightly higher. The population density is quite high, given the island's small landmass of less than 4 square kilometers.
The population is almost entirely composed of ethnic Malayalis who speak a distinct dialect of Malayalam, as well as English, which is widely used in administration and education. Demographically, the island is overwhelmingly Muslim, predominantly following the Shafi school of the Sunni sect. Agatti boasts a remarkably high literacy rate, surpassing 80%, largely due to strong government investment in local schools. Employment is heavily concentrated in traditional sectors like fishing and agriculture, alongside a significant proportion of government and public administration jobs.