Navigating Spiti requires traversing some of the most dramatic and challenging mountain roads in the world. There are no airports, railways, or metro networks. Transportation relies entirely on the road network, specifically National Highway 505.
Spiti can be accessed via two routes: 1. **From Shimla/Kinnaur:** A gradual ascent that remains open for most of the year, entering Spiti via Sumdo. 2. **From Manali:** A shorter but much more arduous route crossing the Rohtang (or Atal Tunnel) and Kunzum passes. This route is typically only open from mid-June to mid-October due to heavy snow.
Public transit is provided by the Himachal Road Transport Corporation (HRTC), which runs daily buses connecting Kaza to neighboring regions and local villages. Shared taxis and private rentals (Sumos, Boleros) are the primary mode of transport for locals and tourists alike. Hiking and trekking remain essential for accessing the most remote monastic retreats and high pastures.