According to the 2011 Census of India, the city of Dhamtari had a population of 82,111, though recent estimates place the current population well over 100,000. The city boasts a healthy literacy rate of approximately 85%, which is notably higher than the state and national averages.
The population is predominantly Hindu, with vibrant minority communities of Muslims, Christians, Jains, and Sikhs. The historic presence of Mennonite missionaries has also left a lasting cultural and institutional imprint on the Christian community here. While the city itself is mostly urbanized with diverse ethnic backgrounds, the surrounding district has a high concentration of tribal communities. Chhattisgarhi and Hindi are the most widely spoken languages, used in both daily life and official capacities.