According to the 2011 Census of India, the town of Roing had a population of approximately 11,389, though this number has grown steadily in the decade since. The population density remains relatively low compared to the rest of India, owing to the forested and hilly terrain.
The demographic fabric of Roing is primarily indigenous. The predominant tribes are the Idu Mishmis and the Adis (specifically the Padam sub-group). Over the years, government employees, traders, and laborers from other parts of Arunachal Pradesh and mainland India have also settled in the town.
The local tribes traditionally practice indigenous faiths, notably Donyi-Polo (worship of the Sun and Moon) among the Adis, and Nani-Intaya among the Idu Mishmis. There are also significant Hindu and Christian populations in the town. Literacy in Roing is relatively high for the region, sitting above 73%, reflecting an increasing emphasis on education. English and Hindi serve as the lingua franca, while Idu Mishmi and Adi are the primary languages spoken at home.
