The population of Campbell Bay is relatively small and highly diverse. While precise demographic data for the specific town is often grouped with the broader Great Nicobar tehsil, the population is estimated to be between 5,000 and 6,000 residents.
Demographically, the town is a melting pot. It includes the indigenous Great Nicobarese (who were largely relocated to Campbell Bay after the 2004 tsunami destroyed their traditional coastal villages). The Shompen tribe lives in the deeper forests and rarely interacts with the town. The rest of the population consists of mainland Indians—primarily the descendants of Punjabi, Maharashtrian, Tamil, and ex-servicemen settlers—alongside a significant floating population of government officials, construction workers, and military personnel.
Education and employment are heavily centered around government jobs, defense, and local commerce, with a mix of Hinduism, Christianity, and Islam actively practiced in harmony.