Sylhet Division is administered by the central government of Bangladesh through a Divisional Commissioner. The division is subdivided into four districts (Zilas): Sylhet, Sunamganj, Moulvibazar, and Habiganj. Each district is further divided into sub-districts known as *Upazilas*.
Sylhet City, the divisional capital, is governed by the Sylhet City Corporation (SCC), headed by an elected Mayor. The SCC manages local public services, urban planning, sanitation, and infrastructure within the metropolitan area. Politically, the division is represented in the Jatiya Sangsad (National Parliament) by numerous Members of Parliament elected from its various constituencies. Public services include the Sylhet Metropolitan Police, divisional health boards, and regional public works departments.

